The first spoke is hooked in at the peak of a large 'V' in the hub from the top. Divide the circumference by ("pi" in English, pronounced "pie") to get the diameter of the well. The hubs on the front and real wheels differ, as the rear wheel hub has to hold the sprocket wheel or the actual transmission (internal hub gear). Spoke calculators use the diameter, which is twice the radius, because there's nothing to measure at the center of an empty rim. We are the first 100% climate-neutral online outdoor retailer certified by ClimatePartner. Measure at three or four different angles spaced equally around the rim and take the average, in case the rim isn't perfectly round. If you are good at holding objects steady in your hands, you can even do the depth measurement with a bare bolt or bicycle spoke, as shown in the image at the left. To find the correct spoke length when building a wheel, you need dimensions of the rim and hub. High-quality spokes that have to deal with high stresses often have a smaller cross section of 1.8 mm in the straight part and/or a larger cross section in the arc. You will need spokes in the lengths Twice that is 22 mm, and so the spoking diameter measures as 508.2 mm. A metric tape would make measurement easier, but let's calculate: 29/64 is 0.453125, and so the length measures as 11.435125 inches. Also, measuring in two different ways is possible, and a good idea. Brass spoke nipples are much stronger than aluminum ones and are more likely to survive this abuse. Though you should always measure carefully, wheel measurement is more forgiving than you might think. You can measure the circumference of a rim by wrapping a measuring tape all the way around the rim. The Sitemap offers a quick overview of all content on this website. The angle depends on the number of spoke holes and the spoking pattern. If necessary, measure the depth from the measured diameter to a spoke hole; If necessary, calculate the rim's diameter where the heads of the. If the spokes extend into the screwdriver slots when the wheel is under light tension, you can't use a screwdriver for initial light tensioning of the wheel. You need to know the number of spoke holes of the rim and hub. Don't trust a fabric measuring tape as used in fitting clothing. You can get a rough idea of whether the spoke tension is even if all spoke nipples jut out the same length. To avoid having to remove the rim tape of a built-up wheel, you may measure at the inside of the valve hole, as long as you can see that the spokes rest at the same diameter. The threads of all four spokes in the image below extend equally far. Most spokes are round and have a 2 mm cross section with a rolled thread and an arch of around 95 that is hooked into the hub. Measuring a rim is usually done in three steps: A rim may have a single-wall or double-wall cross-section, as shown in the image below. Measure a diameter of the rim, or calculate the diameter based on a circumference. I had a KHE Astern freecoaster hub, laced to a Proper rim and ordered the spoke length I got from the calculator, to lace 3 crossed to a cinema 777 rim. (A wide metal tape measure won't fit into the well of most rims and won't curve smoothly around the rim.). The next spoke nipple is threaded on until the end of the spoke is level with the top of the nipple's screwdriver slot, as far as it can go without risk to the inner tube. Deriving the diameter from the circumference improves accuracy further by more than 3 times. Generally, metal rulers with etched markings are highly accurate, and tape measures of reputable brands (Stanley, Craftsman etc.) MTB hubs are generally a little wider (135 mm in comparison with 130 mm). The answer is quite easy: The add stability to the wheel and are important for the force transfer from the hub to the wheel. Online information is, to be sure, useful in identifying parts and in confirming your measurements. A spoke which is too short, or has long threads, will leave threads visible outside the nipple. You need this information to do your calculation, and to make a correction for the next wheel, if the spoke length turns out slightly incorrect with your first one. Clincher rims for wire jacket tires. Hook in more spokes into each second flange hole in the hub as described in point 5. They are also generally better sealed, which makes them a little heavier. Spoke length non-gear side: Spoke length gear side: Sapim cannot be held liable or responsible in respect of the use of this online calculator, data entered, nor for the results produced by any party using this online calculator The first step is to calculate the length of the third side of a triangle according to the cosine rule formula, Comparing the leftmost spoke with the bare one shows that the internal threads of the nipple extend down about as far as the base of the wrench flats. The first step creates a virtual measuring point directly below the spoke holes in the rim. The wire jacket sits under a curved edge in the rim and is fixed in place when the inner tube is inflated. If you measured the circumference of the rim at the well, then measure the depth from the well to a recessed spoke hole, if the spoke holes are recessed. If the spokes of the tensioned wheel protrude from the tops of the nipples and the rim has non-recessed spoke holes, you'll have to file the spoke ends so they don't puncture the inner tube. Now we have worked really hard and spoked both impellers. A spoke can be threaded in only until the red line in the picture reaches the bottom of the threading in the spoke nipple. A tape or ruler of plastic, fabric or wood cannot be trusted. _________________ The spoke threads are the same length in all three examples, but the spoke nipples are of different lengths. Cross section showing rim outside diameter The handy Sutherland Rim Diameter System simplifies measurement of the rim. Then use the ruler to measure the length between the nut and the end of the bolt. If you measured an empty rim, add twice the height of a spoke nipple -- about 4mm total. The right flange, at 50mm from the right locknut, is 67.5-50mm or 17.5mm from the centerline of the hub and the left flange at 35mm from the left locknut is 67.5-35mm or 32.5mm from the centerline. Number of spoke holes in the rim and hub (counting both sides), Rim outside diameter, and depth from that to a spoke hole, and/or, Rim measured circumference and depth from that to spoke holes, Spacing of right hub flange from centerline, Spacing of left spoke flange from centerline. If the rim has recessed spoke holes, the bolt will extend to the bottom of an eyelet. The first two spokes will be crossed at the top, the third on the bottom. We have an article about that. Next, start hooking in spokes into the hub again from below. I thank Roger Musson for permission to use the photo below, with cross-sectioned spoke nipples. Subtract the thickness of the ruler (here, about 0.5mm). Steps 2 and 3 in the list above are necessary with recessed spoke holes, because you can't measure the spoking diameter directly. The threaded end of this spoke measures at 11 29/64 inches (halfway between the 11 7/16 and 11 15/32 marks on the measuring tape). Other spoke calculators account for the stretching and seating of spokes and shrinkage of the rim in a tensioned wheel -- about 1 millimeter of spoke length in a typical wheel. This is a difference in radius and applies to each spoke. Errors in measurement of the rim's diameter result in only half as great an error in spoke length. Insert the spoke in the middle one of the three free holes. d is the diameter of the spoke holes in the hub. Disclaimer: Use at own risk. Resting the locknut against the edge of a workbench or table makes measurement easier. The length of the stainless spokes for motorcycles is selected according to the customer's order, depending on the motorcycle model or according to the spoke pattern sent to us. See point 3. Warning! Please take the time to ensure that your hub and rim measurements are accurate. The thickness of our stainless spokes Lay a measuring tape or ruler across the rim between two points directly opposite one another. If the spoke calculator already accounts for tension, then specify spoke length based on where you want the ends of the spokes With a 36-spoke cross 4 pattern, the spoke holes are 90 degrees away from those in the rim, and the hub spoke hole circle diameter hardly matters at all. Turn the impeller around to spoke the other side. You can use an improvised tool, as in the image at the right -- a bolt and nut, and a small metal ruler. Measurements for Spoke Length Calculations, Roger Musson -- wheelbuilding book, spoke calculator. To make paper calculation quicker, you could combine steps 2 and 3, multiplying by 8.085. Then subtract the offset of the spoke holes from the hub flange spacing of the same side as the offset, and add it to the hub flange spacing for the other side. Turn the impeller around to spoke the other side. Here are the steps to measure a rim using the circumference: If you don't have a narrow tape measure, you could wrap a bicycle cable inner wire around the rim, hooking the ferrule into the valve hole. At other times you'll find us in the mountains! The larger holes in the wall which faces the tire allow access when building the wheel. Insert the bolt. etc. All measurements must be in millimeters (mm). There are manufacturers' specifications and lists of rim and hub dimensions online -- including Damon Rinard's list on this site, BUT, only after you have mostly laced up a wheel will you discover whether spoke length is correct. Also, some hubs and rims have unevenly-spaced spoke holes, but we're not going to discuss them here. 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