This classification is done on the basis of shape, cell wall, flagella, nutrition and morphology. Eg, Neissseria gonorrhoae, Pneumococcus; ii) Streptococcus: coccus in chain. They have a different cell structure, but most of them come under two basic shapes like bacillus or cocci. Strict an aerobes: they died in the presence of oxygen. (v) Bacteria in grapelike clusters are called staphylococci. List and describe 3 different spiral forms of bacteria. Psychrophiles have polyunsaturated fatty acids in their cell membrane which gives fluid nature to the cell membrane even at lower temperature. Alternative staining techniques (Kinyoun or acid fast stain) are therefore used that take advantage of the resistance to destaining after lengthier initial staining. They have thick layer of peptidoglycan, b- Gram-negative: Bacteria staining pink in Gram stained smear. Log in. 4. It allows a large proportion of clinically important bacteria to be classified as either. Bacteria Classification. They are basically classified into five major groups. Many spirilla are rigid and capable of movement. D) Spirilla: – These type of bacteria are spiral or spring like with multiple curvature and terminal flagella. Dr Adil Ramzan. Because of this ... Microorganisms can be grouped on the basis of their need for oxygen to grow. You explained this topic very deeply. Gram + •Staphylococcus, Streptococcus, Clostridium, Bacillus 2. Join now . Bacterial Classification, Structure and Function Introduction The purpose of this lecture is to introduce you to terminology used in microbiology. The classification of bacteria is determined on the basis of their form, structure, mode of nutrition, the environment they are living in or their habitat. ii) Exospore forming bacteria: Spore is produced outside the cell. Serotyping is also sometimes used to distinguish strains of exceptional virulence or public health importance, for example with, Phage typing (determining the susceptibility pattern of an isolate to a set of specific bacteriophages) has been used primarily as an aid in epidemiologic surveillance of diseases caused by. CLASSIFICATION BASED ON GRAM STAINING Some acidopiles are thermophilic in nature, such bacteria are called Thermoacidophiles. Of all the different classification systems, the Gram stain has withstood the test of time. Most of the human pathogens are mesophilic in nature. Example: –Bacillus cereus. Either they may remain as a single cell or may aggregate together for various configurations. A primary distinguishing characteristic is whether an organism grows aerobically, anaerobically, facultatively (i.e., in either the presence or absence of oxygen), or microaerobically (i.e., in the presence of a less than atmospheric partial pressure of oxygen). Education. Facultatively anaerobic bacteria can grow in high oxygen or low oxygen ... Peptidoglycan (cell wall) Provides bacterial shape … Basis of Classification A. Phentoypic Classification i. Gram stain and bacterial morphology: Of all the different classification systems the Gram stain has withstood the test of time. z Bacteria are classified based on the shape as cocci, bacilli, vibrio, Spirilla. These bacteria can form endospores and are facultative anaerobes. They usually occur in three shapes coccus, spiral, and Bacillus. Shape of Bacterial Cell . CLASSIFICATION OF BACTERIA Maryam Zahra Roll no. Discovered by H.C. Gram in 1884 it remains an important and useful technique to this day. 3-Requiment of Oxygen. Bacteria are classified into 5 groups according to their basic shapes: spherical (cocci), rod (bacilli), spiral … 1. Cocci are round or oval in shape. Pointer Publishers; First edition. Gram-Positive: Bacteria staining purple in Gram Stained smear. gurpreetmander6619 Yesterday Science Primary School +5 pts. Classification of virus on the basis of genetic material present, presence of a number of strands, presence of envelope, capsid structure, shapes of the viruses, types of host, mode of transmission, replication properties, site of replication and Baltimore Classification. This information often can allow identification of an organism to the genus level, or can minimize the possibility that it belongs to one or another group. They are as follows: B) Bacilli: – These are rod shaped or cylindrical bacteria which either remain singly or in pairs. Those bacteria which uses carbondioxide as sole source of carbon to prepare its own food. The grounds for the classification commonly used may be: Both wet-mounted and properly stained bacterial cell suspensions can yield a great deal of information. Some bacteria such as mycobacteria are not reliably stained due to the large lipid content of the peptidoglycan. Extensions most times cover the surface of bacteria which help them move aro… Feb 5, 2019 - Classification of Bacteria. ; Bacilli (or bacillus for a single cell) are rod-shaped bacteria. This classification is done on the basis of its shape. Most of the human pathogenic bacteria are heterotropic in nature. Require oxygen, but at low concentrations. Classification of Bacteria. Detailed Classification Of Bacteria - Microbiology. Bacteria Shapes. Either they may remain as a single cell or may aggregate together for various configurations. For example, one diarrheal disease agent. subjective material for classification and characteristics of bacteria with examples and MCQs for Gpat and other exam preparations. The three basic bacterial shapes are coccus (spherical), bacillus (rod-shaped), and spiral (twisted), however pleomorphic bacteria can assume several shapes. Describe the different types of bacteria 3. Bacteria are divided into Gram- negative and Gram-positive on the basis of their cell wall structure. they are further classified into two types. Classification of bacteria on the base of Oxygen consumption On the base of oxygen utilization , bacteria has four types. Wall structure 1. CLASSIFICATION BACTERIA On the Basis of Shape On the Basis of Staining On the Basis of Action On the Basis of Oxygen Requirement On the Basis of pH On the Basis of Temperature On the Basis of Structure On the Basis of Osmotic Pressure OF 3. 1. Mycoplasmas are bacteria that are cell wall deficient and hence do not possess a stable morphology. Bacteria, like all living cells, require energy and nutrients to build proteins and structural membranes and drive biochemical processes. Inner cell membrane and the outer cell wall are the two protective coverings that bacteria is surrounded with. Cell membrane of halophilic bacteria is made up of glycoprotein with high content of negatively charged glutamic acid and aspartic acids. Classification Of Bacteria: Bacteria can be classified depending upon: 1-Morphology. Actinomycetes are branching filamentous bacteria, so called because of a fancied resemblance to the radiating rays of the sun when seen in tissue lesions (from actis meaning ray and mykes meaning fungus). ON THE BASIS OF SHAPE  Cocci (a) Dipplococci e.g Neisseria Gonorrhorea (b) Streptococci e.g S.mutans (c) Sarcina e.g Sarcina rosea (d) Tetrad e.g Micrococcus luteus (e) Staphylococci e.g Staphylococcus aureus..  Baccilli (a) Dipplobacilli e.g Clostridium (b) Coccobacilli e.g Bordtella pertusis  Vibrio e.g Vibrio cholerae  Spiral e.g Spirillus  Spirochete e.g Treponema pallidum And based on arrangements they are classified as diplococci, streptococci, tetrads, sarcina, staphylococci Tortora, Gerard J., Funke, Berdell R.Case, Christine L.. (2013) Microbiology :an introduction Boston : Pearson, http://www.columbia.edu/itc/hs/medical/pathophys/id/2009/introNotes.pdf, http://biology.homeomagnet.com/classification-of-bacteria/, http://www.onlinebiologynotes.com/classification-of-bacteria/, https://www.slideshare.net/mylittlestobsession/the-bases-for-classifying-bacteria, https://quizlet.com/183730094/bacteria-classification-based-on-temp-ph-and-osmotic-pressure-flash-cards/, https://www.scribd.com/doc/20637629/Classification-of-Bacteria, https://www.lamission.edu/lifesciences/lecturenote/mic20/Chap06Growth.pdf, https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315803754_MORPHOLOGY_AND_CLASSIFICATION_OF_BACTERIA, https://www.livescience.com/51641-bacteria.html, https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK8406/, https://www.studyread.com/classification-of-bacteria/, 28 Differences Between Bacteria and Virus (Bacteria vs Virus), Classification of Bacteria on the basis of Nutrition, 31 Differences Between Gram Positive and Gram Negative Bacteria, Bacterial Growth and Factors Affecting Growth of Bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria- cell wall, examples, diseases, antibiotics, Gram-negative bacteria- cell wall, examples, diseases, antibiotics, 15 differences between Archaea and Bacteria, 21 Differences between Bacteria and Fungi, Proteins- Properties, Structure, Classification and Functions, Amino Acids- Properties, Structure, Classification and Functions, Enzymes- Properties, Classification and Significance, Five Kingdom System of Classification- Features and Limitations, Haeckel’s Three kingdom System of Classification, Protozoa- Definition, characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Annelida- characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Platyhelminthes- characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Aschelminthes- characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Nematoda- characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Mollusca- characteristics, classification, examples, Phylum Ctenophora- characteristics, classification, examples, Classification on the basis of Bacterial Cell Wall, Classification on the basis of Gram Stain. DNA homology. Morphological classification • Bacteria can be classified into six major groups on morphological basis. The lecture will: 1. Classification of bacteria 1. Classifications of Bacteria on the basis of oxygen requirement Bacteria are microscopic living organisms, usually one-celled, that can be found everywhere. They have more then one chromosome,complete enzymr system of their own and devide by mitosis. They have thick layer of peptidoglycan. Some bacteria do not have a cell wall at all. List and describe 5 different arrangements of cocci. DNA homology. Spirochetes are spiral shaped they have a flexible cell wall. Vibro are comma-shaped, for example, Vibrio cholera and vibro vulnificus etc. Classification of Bacteria on the basis of Nutrition. Ocean water contains 3.5% salt. Define and give the abbreviation for the metric unit of length termed micrometer and state the average size of a coccus-shaped bacterium and a rod-shaped bacterium. (ii) Come in 3 basic shapes — cocci (spheres), bacilli (rod shaped), spirilla (corkscrew shape). Coccus: These bacteria are spherical or oval in shape; On the basis of arrangement, cocci are further classified as-i) Diplococcus: coccus in pair. ie. Classification On the basis Of Staining. For example E. coli, Salmonella, C. Tatani. As a result the iodine and crystal violet precipitate in the thickened cell wall and are not eluted by alcohol in contrast with the Gram negatives where the crystal violet is readily eluted from the bacteria.

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